Warmer water boosts fishes' demand for oxygen—and their bodies may shrink in response.
水温升高增加了鱼类对氧气的需求——鱼类的身体可能会变小，来适应环境。
撰文/播音 Christopher Intagliata克里斯托弗·因塔列塔
翻译 陈芳玮
校对 郭晓
As the world's oceans heat up, salmon are migrating earlier. Plankton are shifting their range. But warmer water temperatures also mean warmer fish—and faster-running metabolisms.
伴随着全球性的海洋水温升高，鲑鱼的洄游时间提前了，浮游生物的生活范围也改变了。不过，水温升高还意味着鱼类的体温也会升高——它们的新陈代谢速率也会加快。
"Fish that are in water of higher temperature have a higher metabolic rate, meaning they have to consume more oxygen." Daniel Pauly, a fisheries scientist at the University of British Columbia. "Because essentially the whole metabolism, all the chemical reactions in your body, are accelerated.”
“在更高的水温中生活的鱼类的新陈代谢速率更快，这意味着它们需要消耗更多的氧气。”来自不列颠哥伦比亚大学（The University of British Columbia）的渔业科学家丹尼尔·保利（Daniel Pauly）如是说。“因为本质上，你的整个新陈代谢和体内所有的化学反应都加快了。”
So, how about growing bigger gills to allow for more oxygen intake? Pauly did the physiological math, and concluded that bigger gills won’t do the job. Because he says gills, being relatively two-dimensional, simply can't keep up with the three-dimensional growth of the rest of a fish's body.
那么，如果长出更大的鱼鳃，是不是鱼类就能获取更多的氧气呢？保利做了生理学上的计算，他的结论是更大的鱼鳃并不能使鱼类获得更多的氧气。他说因为鱼鳃相对来说是扁平的，而鱼身体的其他部分是立体的，仅仅增大鱼鳃并不能供应鱼类身体增长所需的氧气。
Instead, Pauly's calculations suggest that, to feed their increasing need for oxygen, fish of all kinds may actually shrink as a result of climate change. With decreased supply, they’ll need to lower demand. The study is in the journal Global Change Biology.
和增大鱼鳃相反，生理学的计算得出了这样的结论，为了满足对氧气需求的增长，所有种类的鱼都可能会通过减小体积来适应日益变暖的环境。氧气供应不足，它们就得减小自己的需求。该研究发表在《全球变化生物学》期刊上（Global Change Biology）。
One more detail bears mentioning: warmer water also holds less dissolved oxygen. "So the two effects, increased demand and the lowered supply are working towards making the fish smaller.”
还有一个细节值得一提：水温升高，溶解氧也会减少。所以，这两个因素——鱼对氧气需求的增长和环境中溶解氧的减少——都在影响鱼的体积，使鱼变得更小。
Which means future fishermen might find a lot of lower-value small fry in their nets.
这意味着，在未来，渔夫们可能会在他们的渔网里发现很多廉价的小鱼仔。
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