Individuals' Blood Glucose Levels After Meals May Be Predictable
预测血糖
Closely tracking 800 people's blood glucose levels in response to meals allowed researchers to develop a predictive algorithm for individuals.
通过严密监控800名病人进食之后的血糖水平变动，研究人员开发出了可以预测个体血糖水平变化的算法。
撰文/播音 辛西娅·格雷伯（Cynthia Graber）
翻译 Meatle
审校 邰伦玥
High blood sugar levels are a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Doctors today have only general dietary recommendations for how to control those levels, because there's no real way to predict what's called the post-prandial glycemic response—that is, just how your particular blood glucose level will be affected by what you eat. But a new study may be the start of making glucose-controlling food recommendations more personal.
对II型糖尿病患者而言，高血糖水平是一种风险。现在的医生对于控制血糖水平仅有一般的膳食建议，因为没有确切的手段来预测餐后血糖反应——它是指，在进食后个人体内的血糖水平随其食用的食物种类的变化。然而，一项新研究或会成为个人血糖控制膳食指南的起点。
Scientists in Israel followed 800 non-diabetic adults over one week, checking their blood glucose levels every five minutes. The participants got a full medical work-up, including a stool sample to analyze their gut microbiome.
The participants logged the food they ate, their exercise and their sleep. They chose their own food except for one meal a day, which was one of four standardized options.
以色列的科学家跟踪了800个非糖尿病对象，在超过一周的时间内，以5分钟为间隔检测对象的血糖水平。参与者们进行了完整的医学检查，包括对排泄物进行取样以分析消化道的细菌群落。他们需要记录进食的食物，进行的运动与睡眠的质量。除了每天中的一餐需要在四种标配餐中选择一种之外，另外两餐他们都能自己选择所食的食物。
The result? "The blood sugar response of different people to identical meals can be hugely different." Eran Segal of the Weizmann Institute of Science. Segal and his colleagues found that one person's blood glucose might spike in response to a particular food, while that same food would actually lower another person’s. The study is in the journal Cell. [David Zeevi et al, Personalized Nutrition by Prediction of Glycemic Responses]
结果是，“对于相似的食物，不同人的血糖反应有着巨大的差异。”来自魏茨曼科学研究所的伊兰·西格尔如是说。西格尔和他的同僚发现，某种食物能让一个人的血糖水平激增，同时又能使另一个人的血糖水平下降。这项研究发表在《Cell》上。
The researchers then developed an algorithm that could predict an individual's blood sugar responses to various meals.
"We link nutrition in a personalized manner to human risk to develop elevated blood sugar levels and their many complications." Eran Elinav of the Weizzman Institute, who also took part in the study. "As scientists we often deal with very basic questions, but in this work we are very happy to also introduce a potential that if further developed would allow to benefit the health of millions across the world."
于是，研究人员开发了一个算法，用于预测个体对于不同食物的血糖水平反应。“我们从个人饮食习惯的角度将饮食与人为引起的血糖升高及并发症的风险联系起来。”同样是该项目的研究员，魏茨曼科学研究所的伊兰·伊利纳弗说，“作为科学家，我们经常研究一些基础的问题。而在这项研究上，我们很高兴地提出一个有潜能的新观点。若它进一步发展将会使全球上百万的人们有所裨益。”
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